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Baeda Maryam I
Baeda Maryam I (; ''ba'ida māryām'' "He who is in the Hand of Mary," modern ''be'ide māryām'') (1448 – November 8, 1478) was Emperor (''(unicode:nəgusä nägäst)'') (August 26, 1468 – November 8, 1478) of Ethiopia, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty.
==Early years==
Born at Debre Berhan, he was the son of Zara Yaqob by Seyon Morgasa.〔His Chronicle is translated in part by Richard K. P. Pankhurst, ''The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles'' (Addis Ababa: Oxford University Press, 1967).〕
Towards the end of Zara Yaqob's life, the Emperor became increasingly convinced that members of his family were plotting against him, and had several of them beaten. Baeda Maryam I's mother died from this mistreatment in 1462, and Baeda Maryam I buried her in secret in the church of Maqdesa Maryam, near Debre Berhan, and donated incense and other gifts to support the church. Zara Yaqob then directed his anger at Baeda Maryam I, until members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church repaired the rift between the two, and Zara Yaqob publicly designated Baeda Maryam I as his successor.〔James Bruce, ''Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile'' (1805 edition), vol. 3, pp. 110f〕
With his own mother dead, Baeda Maryam I gave Eleni, a wife of his father, the title of Queen Mother. She proved to be an effective member of the royal family, and Paul B. Henze comments that she "was practically co-monarch" during his reign.〔Paul B. Henze, ''Layers of Time, A History of Ethiopia'' (New York: Palgrave, 2000), p.75.〕 However, Edward Ullendorff notes Baeda Maryam I was unable to hold together the far-flung empire his father left him: "some of the outlying provinces recently conquered began to grow restive; the feudal lords whom Zar'a Ya'qob had only ephemerally brought under central control reasserted their regional authority; and the senior clergy relapsed into some of the old-established ways of conduct and ecclesiastical organization."〔Edward Ullendorff, ''The Ethiopians: An Introduction to the Country and People'', second edition (London: Oxford University Press, 1960), p. 70.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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